5.4 REINFORCEMENT OF VERTICAL WALLING WRAPPING OF PIERS AND DOMES, STRENGTHENING BELL TOWERS, VAULTS AND WOODEN BEAMS: CALCULUS MODELS

As already indicated, carbon fibers should take control of all stresses not bearable by traditional materials, namely tensile loads.

The calculus model is in line with the usual pattern of tectonics when two different materials cooperate, each one with its peculiar characteristics, mainly resistance and modulus of elasticity.

When external stresses are such as to exert tensile loads on traditional material, the use of carbon fibers consents to move the zero line inside the structure, so part of the section gets back part of its natural behavior under compression while the tensile loads, insisting on the strained zone below zero line, shall be shifted to the carbon fibers (Picture14).